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· ** What area are you focusing on? Hawaii · What earth movements pose risks to the people of this area? Volcanoes and Tsunamis · Why is this area at risk of being affected by earth movements?

Hawaii is on a so called hot spot. Hot spots are where the crust of the earth is thinner in one particular · What is the history of earth movements in this area?

Kilauea Kilauea is a volcano in Hawaii that has a very interesting history it has been erupting since, 1983 and it has been poring lava ale the time and sinse then the big island of Hawaii has grown a lot these is the biggest eruption in the last six centuries.

Mauna Loa Mauna Loa is the biggest volcano on earth it is also active the last time it erupted in 1984

Loihi Seamount it is a under water volcano not to far frome the big island of hawaii in some time this volcano will grow and form the new island of hawaii the last trime it erupted was in 1996

Mauna kiea is not a active volcano and is the world's largest mountain taller than everest but it goes deep under sea level so ubuve it is shorter the last time it erupted was in 4460 B.P.

KoHala The oldest volcano that is still part of the big island of hawaii

Hilo tsunami A tsunami hit Hilo in Hawaii in April 1, 1960 it hit the whole city of Hilo it was 30 feet high the tsunami came because a 8.8 earthquake. The earthquake was at the coast of Chile and the tsunami hit Chile in May 23, 1946 Hawaii had a hard time living because all kinds of tsunamis are coming there, especially volcano eruptions under water. Its also a problem for hawaii because it is on the circle of fire.

Ala Kahakai tsunami In Ala Kahakai in 1868 to 1975 were big tsunamis there where allot of earthquakes at the coast of Ala Kahakai. Many people died because of the tsunamis. They really hard time living there the same as Hilo.

· How have people in your area been affected by earth movements in the past?

Hawaii has allot of damage because of flooding and because of the earthquakes that the tsunamis make. Almost half of Hilo was flooded by the 30 feet high tsunami. All buildings went down its also because there are allot of volcanoes in hawaii.

· What steps can people or governments take to help prepare and protect hawaii from volcano eruptions and tsunamis

Step 1 Find out if you live in an area with active volcanoes that could pose a threat to you or your family.

Step 2 Know the evacuation routes for your area. In times of stress it is possible you will forget this information, so it may be wise to keep a copy of a map with the evacuation routes clearly marked on it in the glove box of each car your family owns. You should also keep one in the house.

Step 3 Evacuate immediately if you are instructed to do so. While some volcanoes give warning hours and even days beforehand that they are about to erupt, some eruptions occur with little warning. Keep your car stocked with emergency essentials such as water, food, a change of clothes and first aid supplies.

Step 4 Do not re-enter the evacuation zone until you have been instructed it is safe to do so by the proper authorities. Even though the volcano may have stopped spewing ash and lava, many risks likely remain

Step 5 Shelter in place if doing so will provide you more protection than leaving your current location. Wherever you are sheltering, try to fill as many sinks, tubs and containers as possible with water.

Step 6 Do not leave the safety of your shelter--be it your home, an office building or the local emergency shelter--during an eruption. Keep all family members and pets indoors during a volcanic eruption unless going outside is absolutely unavoidable. · What should people do in case they experience an earth movement in their area? Go-bag

A component of your disaster kit is your Go-bag. Put the following items together in a backpack or another easy to carry container in case you must evacuate quickly. Prepare one Go-bag for each family member and make sure each has an I.D. tag. You may not be at home when an emergency strikes so keep some additional supplies in your car and at work, considering what you would need for your immediate safety.** >
 * **Flashlight**
 * **Radio – battery operated**
 * **Batteries**
 * **Whistle**
 * **Dust mask**
 * **Pocket knife**
 * **Emergency cash in small denominations and quarters for phone calls**
 * **Sturdy shoes, a change of clothes, and a warm hat**
 * **Local map**
 * **Some water and food**
 * **Permanent marker, paper and tape**
 * **Photos of family members and pets for re-identification purposes**
 * **List of emergency point-of -contact phone numbers**
 * **List of allergies to any drug (especially antibiotics) or food**
 * **Copy of health insurance and identification cards**
 * **Extra prescription eye glasses, hearing aid or other vital personal items**
 * **Prescription medications and first aid supplies**
 * **Toothbrush and toothpaste**
 * **Extra keys to your house and vehicle**
 * **Any special-needs items for children, [| seniors or people with disabilities] . Don’t forget to make a Go-bag for your [| pets] .**
 * 1) **with Waves in a tsunami travel very quickly; much faster than your car can! They can travel up to 800 km / 500 miles an hour from the depths of the ocean.**
 * **Waves from a tsunami can be as high as 30 metres or 100 feet. They grow bigger as they get to the shore. This means that they can start off as just a ripple of water in the middle of the ocean and become bigger and bigger until they become a gigantic wave when they hit the land.**
 * **Tsunamis are not "tidal waves"; this is a mistake many people make. Tsunamis are seismic sea waves and have nothing to do**
 * 1) **There is an earthquake or the ground rumbles a lot.**
 * 2) **The sea suddenly pulls back and leaves bare sand, making the beach seem a lot larger.**
 * 3) **Animals may behave strangely - they may suddenly leave, gather in groups, or try to get into places they normally would not go.**
 * 4) **Warnings from the media if a tsunami warning system is in place in your country.**
 * 5) **3Leave the beach or low-lying areas. Whether you are at home, school or playing on the beach, if you see or hear these warning signs, immediately leave and go to higher ground. Sometimes you may also get warnings from your local emergency services - listen to what they have to say and follow their advice. Do not wait for emergency services to give warnings though - tsunamis can hit within minutes of the warning signs, so you should already be leaving. Here are things to do:**
 * **//Keep away from the beach.// Do not go anywhere near the beach or into buildings near the beach. Even if you see just a small tsunami, leave immediately. Tsunami waves grow bigger and continue to hit, so the next giant wave may be on the way. Generally, if you can see a giant wave, you are too close and it is too late to escape. (However, //try// to escape anyways if you see one.)**
 * **//Go to higher ground.// Go up a hill or to a higher area of your town or city. If you are trapped, find a high and strong building and climb to the top of it. You may even have to sit on its roof.**
 * **//Leave your things.// Your life is more important than toys, books, school supplies, and other things. Leave them behind and get to safety.**
 * **//Check for younger children.// Help your younger siblings and other younger children to reach higher ground. Even if they are not younger, you can still help them.**
 * **//Stay away for several hours.// A tsunami can continue to hit the shore for many hours, so the danger may not be over for a while. Do not return to the area until you get an "all clear" message from emergency services. If you do not get this message, wait patiently.**
 * **//Find a radio.// If somebody has a radio where you are sheltering, listen to it for updates.**
 * 1) **4Prepare for a tsunami. If you live in an area that is at risk for a tsunami, it is important to be prepared. If your school does not already have a tsunami emergency plan, ask for one. You can make it a class project. Your school or home emergency plan should cover:**
 * **Where it is safe to go - somewhere that is no more than 15 minutes on foot.**
 * **Making a safety pack with supplies to help you survive.**
 * **Practicing a tsunami evacuation regularly (a practice drill).**
 * **Learning the warning signals and systems that your emergency services use.**
 * **Learning basic First Aid and knowing who in your community is a doctor, nurse or health care professional.**

[| http://72hours.org/go_bag.html] [| http://www.ehow.com/how_2156874_survive-volcanic-eruption.html] ** http://www.wikihow.com
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